To enable slow shutter speeds to be used, especially with high speed films, to record movement in subjects such as waterfalls, clouds, or cars
To decrease depth of field by allowing wider apertures to be used, which helps separate subjects from their background
To decrease the effective ISO of high speed film (above ISO 400) and allow it to be used outdoors in bright situations
To allow cine and video cameras (which have fixed shutter speeds) to film subjects such as snow, sand or other bright scenes which could cause overexposure
Neutral Density Factors
ND.3 (exposure adjustment = 1 stop, reduces ISO 1/2)
ND.6 (exposure adjustment = 2 stops, reduces ISO 1/4)
ND.9 (exposure adjustment = 3 stops, reduces ISO 1/8)
Type
Graduated Neutral Density
Size
5.65 x 5.65" (140 x 140mm, 4mm thick)
Grade
1.2 (4-stops)
Filter Factor
Reduces ISO by 1/16
Multi-Coated
Not Applicable
Rotating
Not Applicable
Effect
Balanced light intensity from one part of a scene to another
Application
Nature, Travel, Outdoor photography; to maintain light control, as in bright contrasty landscapes; i.e. bright sky, dark foreground