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Lamp
- Any light
source in a self-contained package, comprising an envelope,
filament or electrodes, base, contacts, gas, and any support
structures. The source can be of the incandescent, fluorescent,
or arc type.
- Quite often
this term is used interchangeably with Luminaire, especially
in the theater industry.
- To install
a lamp in a luminaire.
Lamp
Base
The part of a lamp to which the electrical connections
are made, i.e., the part with the contacts. It is often the mechanical
support and/or heat sink for the lamp.
Lavender
A material used for fabric scrims used in the film and video industries.
Leko
A commonly used term for an ellipsoidal spotlight. Named after its
inventors Levy and Kpok, the names Leko and
Lekolite are trademarked by Strand Lighting Co.
Leads
The electric cable(s) or sleeved, insulated wires, attached to a
luminaire or piece of power distribution equipment via strain relief,
that terminate in a connector for the purpose of providing an electrical
connection to the electrical supply or to another luminaire.
Lens
A transparent material, usually glass, shaped to bend light rays
as they pass through it. Colored lenses can also be used as color
media.
Light
- Illumination,
i.e. the aspect of radiant energy of which a human observer
is aware through a visual sense. Its electromagnetic radiation
has a wavelength longer than ultraviolet radiation but shorter
than infrared radiation, i.e. approximately 380mm (violet) to
750mm (red).
- A term
that is often used interchangeably with Luminaire.
Light
Distribution
The way in which illumination of any color or quantity is spread
over a particular background.
Lighting Designer
One who plans lighting compositions, lays out light plots, directs
the focusing of luminaires, and determines the various intensities,
colors, looks, and cues for a lighting production.
Lighting Director
One who is responsible for the execution of the lighting design
for a production, and in some instances, may also be the Lighting
Designer.
Lighting Ratio
The ratio of Key-Light plus Fill, vs Fill-Light only, using an Incident-light
Meter. (If the first is 200 footcandles and the second 50, the ratio
is 4:1, or a two stop difference.) Optimum and maximum Lighting
Ratios depend upon subject matter, mood, media and type of reproduction,
as well as personal tastes. In television a timid ratio is 2:1,
a dramatic one, 8:1; a maximum one, about 16:1 (4 stops). Film and
slides can handle higher ratios than video and printed photos. Also
called Brightness Ratio.
Consolation: If it were less confusing, imagine
how crowded our craft would be.
Light Meter
Any apparatus used to measure various quantities of light, i.e.
color temperature, footcandles, lux, flash etc.
Light Source
Anything that emits light, such as an arc or a filament, or in early
stage lighting, the flame of a burning wick or gas.
Light Spill
A general term used to describe any stray light, including light
leak.
Location Fresnel
A fresnel spotlight used primarily in non-standard production settings,
i.e. locations other than stages or studios. Because portability
is generally a concern, they tend to be smaller in size when compared
to studio fresnels of the same wattage.
Long Throw
A term used to describe a luminaire that has an effective intensity
at a relatively long distance. This term is very subjective and
dependent on the type of luminaire used.
Louver
An opening provided with one or more slanted fixed or movable fins
to control the angle of light. (Like venetian blinds for lighting).
Lowboy (Loboy)
A heavy-duty stand designed to hold luminaires or heavy grip equipment.
The stand is equipped with wheels and short risers, and a 1 1/8"
receiver and a grip head.
Low Key
A lighting style in which the majority of the scene is scarcely
illuminated, usually enhanced by shadows and dark costumes and sets.
A high ratio of key plus fill light to fill light increases the
contrast, helping to obtain this effect.
Lumen
A unit of measurement for Luminous Flux.
Luminaire
A complete unit for the purpose of generating useable and somewhat
controllable light that comprises one or more light sources, parts
designed to distribute the light, parts used to position and protect
the light source(s), and a means to connect the light source(s)
to an electrical supply. It should be noted that some luminaires
may generate other types of electromagnetic radiation other than
light, such as ultraviolet and infrared radiation. Also, some early
luminaires used an energy source other than electricity, such as
gas or oil.
Luminous Flux
The rate of flow of light energy evaluated, in Lumens,
with reference to visual sensation, i.e., the part of the total
energy radiated per unit time from a luminous source which is capable
of producing the sensation of sight.
Lux
A metric unit of measurement for Illumination, i.e. 1 lumen
per square meter.
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